Rede de apoio na gravidez na adolescencia

Abstract

Adolescence is as a phase with peculiar characteristics in life; full of personal discoveries, body changes, fears, expectations, discoveries, beginning of affective relationships and the search for establishing a personal identity. Objectives: To identify the social and emotional supporting network for pregnant adolescents and correlate socio-demographical variables, sexual/reproductive life and knowledge regarding the reproductive cycle with the supporting received during their pregnancy. Material and Method: Descriptive cross-sectional study carried out in the 27 Basic Health Units in the city of São José do Rio Preto - SP. A hundred pregnant adolescents between 10 and 19 years old participated in the research. Data collection took place between June 2017 and August 2018, through a semi-structured questionnaire on the demographic profile and sexual and reproductive life, and another for socioeconomic assessment. Data were analyzed using the SPSS Statistics program (version 20.0), with the application of correlational statistical analysis (Pearson). Results: The variables that showed an association with supporting during pregnancy were: have been studying, marital status before pregnancy and current, age group at first sexual intercourse and knowledge of the fertile period. From these, 95.0% received supporting during pregnancy; 94.7%; were between 15 and 19 years old; 55.7% declared themselves black or yellow; 70.5%; were not studying; 68.4%; were married or in a stable relationship before pregnancy; 55.8% remained married or in a stable relationship after pregnancy and 54.8% had their first sexual intercourse between 15 and 19 years of age. Of those who received supporting; 71.5% reported knowledge about the fertile period; 97.9% received information about STI / HIV and hepatitis; 86.3% were concerned with prevention and 70.5% did not use contraception. The supporting was mainly given by the pregnant adolescent´s mother as well as the child´s father. Conclusion: The results pointed out the relevance of the social and affective supporting received and noticed by the pregnant adolescents in all the variables analyzed, reinforcing the family relationship. Regarding the supporting network for adolescent´s health, although the expressive significance of the results, a certain fragility was observed, indicating the need for planning and implementing actions for this population.